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| − | | + | ''[[Intellectual Property and Pharmaceuticals|Back to IP main page]]'' |
| − | == Internet Workshop ==
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| − | ''Access and development: pharmaceuticals and the developing world''<br /> | + | |
| − | ''Developing PHM Oz analysis and action''
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| − | Tuesday 10 July, 7:30pm (Melbourne time)
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| − | To be held using Paltalk internet software: see [[Internet Workshops]] for how to participate.
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| − | ''' Program'''
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| − | The workshop will follow on from our earlier workshops in February and May. How to progress the project from here? Looking forward to the advice of our (as yet) mystery experts. <br />
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| − | Convenor: David Legge
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| − | Review of progress on the IP and health project. <br />
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| − | See
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| − | : [http://phmoz.org/files/Novartis_India_Upendra_2007.ppt Upendra's first presentation] <br />
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| − | : [http://phmoz.org/files/Novartis_India_Upendra_20070316.ppt Upendra's follow-up presentation] <br />
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| − | : [http://phmoz.org/files/Thailand_and_the_fight_for_national_sovereignty.ppt Gillian's presentation]
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| − | For '''technical assistance''' in preparing to participate, please see the [[Internet Workshops]] page.
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| − | == Resources ==
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| − | ''If you would like to add to this page, please see the [[Website Instructions]] for editing the Wiki.''
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| − | ==== Facts about compulsory licensing ====
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| | WTO documents give a good overview of compulsory licensing and the key dates and documents: | | WTO documents give a good overview of compulsory licensing and the key dates and documents: |
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| | Report of WHO Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health | | Report of WHO Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health |
| | [http://www.who.int/intellectualproperty/en/ Web link] <br /> | | [http://www.who.int/intellectualproperty/en/ Web link] <br /> |
| − | -- Chapter six: Towards a sustainable plan to promote innovation and access (concluding chapter) [http://phmoz.org/files/CIPIHReport_Chapter6.pdf PDF file]
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| | Legal Framework for Compulsory License Drugs, Knowledge Ecology International, 16 March 2007 [http://www.keionline.org/misc-docs/thai16mayhandout.pdf PDF file] | | Legal Framework for Compulsory License Drugs, Knowledge Ecology International, 16 March 2007 [http://www.keionline.org/misc-docs/thai16mayhandout.pdf PDF file] |
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| − | Washington College of Law, Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property, background on Thailand's compulsory licenses [http://www.wcl.american.edu/pijip/thai_comp_licenses.cfm Web link]
| + | '''WHO Presses Development of Cheap Drugs''' <br /> |
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| − | ==== News articles ====
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| − | '''WHO Presses Development of Cheap DrugsIndia''' <br /> | + | |
| | May 23, 2007: [BRADLEY S. KLAPPER, Associated Press] The U.N. health agency approved a resolution Wednesday urging experts to find new ways of financing medicine and vaccine development to lower drug prices and improve worldwide availability. <br /> | | May 23, 2007: [BRADLEY S. KLAPPER, Associated Press] The U.N. health agency approved a resolution Wednesday urging experts to find new ways of financing medicine and vaccine development to lower drug prices and improve worldwide availability. <br /> |
| | [http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2007/05/23/ap3752158.html Access full article] | | [http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2007/05/23/ap3752158.html Access full article] |
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| − | '''Brazil breaks AIDS drug patent with generic version from India''' <br />
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| − | May 5, 2007: Brazil President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva has authorised the country to break the patent on an AIDS drug made by Merck & Co - importing a generic version from India instead. It`s the first time Brazil has bypassed a patent to acquire cheaper drugs for its AIDS prevention program. <br />
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| − | [http://www.mercopress.com/vernoticia.do?id=10417&formato=HTML Access full article]
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| − | '''Brazil bypasses patent on U.S. AIDS drug''' <br />
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| − | May 4, 2007: [BRASILIA, Brazil] President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva took steps Friday to let Brazil buy or produce an inexpensive generic version of an AIDS drug made by Merck & Co. despite the U.S. drug company's patent. <br />
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| − | [http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/05/04/america/LA-GEN-Brazil-AIDS-Drug.php Access full article]
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| − | '''Thailand's Lawful Compulsory Licensing and Abbott's Anticompetitive Response''' <br />
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| − | April 26, 2007: This report explains why (1)
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| − | Thailand was fully within its rights under its own law and under the WTO
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| − | TRIPS agreement in issuing compulsory licenses to procure medicines, and
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| − | (2) why Abbott's refusal to supply several medicines to Thailand in
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| − | response, and its refusal to license generic provision of its products
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| − | before the license, may violate Thailand's Competition Act. <br />
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| − | [http://www.wcl.american.edu/pijip/thai_comp_licenses.cfm Access full article]
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| − | '''AIDS Activists Call for Global Boycott of Abbott for Withholding Drug Sales in Thailand''' <br />
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| − | Thursday, April 26th, 2007: AIDS activists from around the globe are converging in Illinois on Friday to protest outside the annual shareholders meeting of the pharmaceutical company Abbott Laboratories. <br />
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| − | [http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=07/04/26/1355237 Read full article]
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| − | '''Brazilian Government declares Efavirenz to be of public interest''' <br />
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| − | 25 April 2007: Brazil has begun a process which may culminate in the compulsory licensing of the patent of the antiretroviral drug Efavirenz. The Minister of Health, José Gomes Temporão, signed Ministerial Ordinance 866, published today in the Federal Official Gazette, declaring Efavirenz to be of public interest for the purposes of granting compulsory licensing for non-commercial public use. <br />
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| − | [http://www.aids.gov.br/data/Pages/LUMISE77B47C8ITEMIDD3ED04F71D8D46819F52E948F99783B3ENIE.htm Read full article]
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| − | '''Abbott to cut AIDS drug price in 40 poor countries''' <br />
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| − | CHICAGO (Reuters) 11 April 2007: Abbott Laboratories Inc., widely criticized for aggressive pricing of its AIDS medicines in developing countries, said on Tuesday it would slash the price of a key AIDS drug by more than half in more than 40 poor countries. <br />
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| − | [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/4/11/worldupdates/2007-04-11T024421Z_01_NOOTR_RTRJONC_0_-293754-1&sec=worldupdates Read full article]
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| − | '''Notes from March 16th 2007 U.S. Capitol Briefing on Thailand’s Compulsory Licenses''' <br />
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| − | 16 March 2007: On Friday, March 16, KEI organized a briefing in the U.S. Capitol on Thailand’s recent compulsory licenses on three drugs; two for HIV/AIDS (Merck’s efavirenz (Stocrin) and Abbott’s lopinavir + ritonavir (Kaletra)) and one for heart disease (Sanofi’s clopidogrel (Plavix)). <br />
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| − | [http://www.keionline.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=37 Read full article]
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| − | '''MSF Denounces Abbott’s Move to Withhold Medicines From People in Thailand''' <br />
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| − | 15 March 2007: The international medical humanitarian organization Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) today denounced Abbott Laboratories’ decision not to market its new medicines in Thailand. <br />
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| − | [http://www.accessmed-msf.org/prod/publications.asp?scntid=15320071424114&contenttype=PARA& Read full article]
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| − | '''A New Low in the Pharma Drug Wars - Abbott Withdraws Seven Medicines in Thailand''' <br />
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| − | 14 March 2007: Brook K. Baker, Health GAP. How low will drug companies go to protect their intellectual property empire? <br />
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| − | [http://www.cptech.org/blogs/ipdisputesinmedicine/2007_03_01_archive.html Read full article]
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| − | '''Thailand stands up to Abbott''' <br />
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| − | 13 March 2007: When Thailand went ahead with a compulsory license on Kaletra, an AIDS drug, despite threats from Abbott the maker of the drug, the latter hit back by withdrawing the registration of a new heat stable form of Kaletra and six other drugs. The likely outcome will be more deaths of innocent patients. <br />
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| − | [http://www.twnside.org.sg/title2/health.info/twninfohealth080.htm Read full article]
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| − | '''India: Former Swiss President joins chorus against Novartis' patent challenge''' <br />
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| − | 15 February 2007:
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| − | More prominent figures have joined the chorus of over 300,000 people worldwide voicing concerns about Novartis’ legal challenge against the Indian government and its impact on access to essential medicines across the globe. <br />
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| − | [[TWN 15Feb07 India: Former Swiss President joins chorus against Novartis' patent challenge licenses|Read full article]]
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| − | ''' WHO DG regrets her reported remarks on Thai compulsory licenses ''' <br />
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| − | 15 February 2007: The WHO Director General Dr. Margaret Chan, has sent a letter to Thailand's Health Minister expressing regret for the embarrassment caused to his government by remarks she was reported to have made in Bangkok that were critical of the compulsory licenses granted by the government for three medicines. <br />
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| − | [[TWN 15Feb07 WHO DG regrets her reported remarks on Thai compulsory licenses|Read full article]]
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| − | '''Thailand backs off threat to break drug patents ''' <br />
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| − | 8 Feb 2007: [BANGKOK] Thailand has delayed breaking the patent of an AIDS drug and a heart medicine, and entered into negotiations with drug firms to lower the price so that more people can be treated. <br />
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| − | [http://www.scidev.net/News/index.cfm?fuseaction=readNews&itemid=3402&language=1 Read full article]
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| − | ''' Stephen Lewis Criticises Margaret Chan ''' <br />
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| − | 4 Feb 2007: Stephen Lewis, former UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, calls for World Health Organization director Margaret Chan to reverse her support of drug companies over governments trying to provide medicines for their peoples. His remarks were recorded at the Global Justice student conference in Washington, DC, on February 4. <br />
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| − | Video [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOz6jIngeD8] <br />
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| − | Fight AIDS [http://www.fightglobalaids.org/news/?p=139]
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| − | ''' WHO Chief's Stand on Generic Drugs Slammed''' <br />
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| − | BANGKOK, Feb 2 (IPS) - Civil society and humanitarian groups slammed the new head of the World Health Organisation (WHO), on the sidelines of a meeting here, after she appeared to favour the interests of pharmaceutical giants over the plight of the sick and the poor in the developing world. <br />
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| − | Full article available from IPS: [http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=36420]
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| − | ''' Thailand approves copycat drugs ''' <br />
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| − | January 30, 2007: THAILAND'S army appointed government said today it had approved a cheap, copycat heart disease drug, the first time a developing country has ignored an international patent for such a treatment. <br />
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| − | Full article available from The Australian: [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21140548-1702,00.html]
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| − | ''' Thailand throws down gauntlet to drug giants ''' <br />
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| − | 30 Jan 2007: IN A precedent-setting challenge to global drug companies, Thailand has become the first developing country to issue a compulsory licence to manufacture a generic drug that is not AIDS related. <br />
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| − | Follow link to Sydney Morning Herald article.
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| − | [http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/thailand-throws-down-gauntlet-to-drug-giants/2007/01/30/1169919338573.html]]
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| − | ''' Thailand Invokes WTO Rule To Sell Generics For HIV And Heart Disease Drugs ''' <br />
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| − | 30 Jan 2007: Thailand has invoked a World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement on
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| − | intellectual property rights to allow the manufacture, purchase and sale
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| − | of generic versions of two drugs for heart disease and HIV/AIDS in the
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| − | country. <br />
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| − | Full article available online [http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/healthnews.php?newsid=61863 here]
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| − | '''US activists try to deliver coffin to Novartis over Indian patent case''' <br />
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| − | 29 Jan: WASHINGTON (AFP) - Non-governmental groups tried to deliver a mini coffin to Swiss pharmaceuticals giant Novartis to protest legal action aiming to overturn a ban on a drug patent application in India. <br />
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| − | http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070129/hl_afp/usindiapharmacompany_070129215623
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| | '''WHO’s mandate on IPRs under US attack''' <br /> | | '''WHO’s mandate on IPRs under US attack''' <br /> |
| | 12 Dec 2006: At the recent meeting of WHO’s international working group on public health, innovation and intellectual property, the US challenged WHO’s work on the impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). <br /> | | 12 Dec 2006: At the recent meeting of WHO’s international working group on public health, innovation and intellectual property, the US challenged WHO’s work on the impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). <br /> |
| | [[TWN Dec06 WHO’s mandate on IPRs under US attack|Read full article here]] | | [[TWN Dec06 WHO’s mandate on IPRs under US attack|Read full article here]] |
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| − | ==== Other information ====
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| | '''All costs, no benefits: How TRIPS-plus intellectual property rules in the US-Jordan FTA affect access to medicines''' <br /> | | '''All costs, no benefits: How TRIPS-plus intellectual property rules in the US-Jordan FTA affect access to medicines''' <br /> |
| | March 2007, Oxfam Briefing paper: The USA continues to impose TRIPS-plus rules on developing countries, thus preventing poor people from accessing inexpensive, generic medicines. Jordan was required under the terms of its WTO accession package and its free trade agreement (FTA) with the USA to introduce TRIPS-plus rules. Medicine prices have increased drastically, and TRIPS-plus rules were partly responsible for this increase. <br /> | | March 2007, Oxfam Briefing paper: The USA continues to impose TRIPS-plus rules on developing countries, thus preventing poor people from accessing inexpensive, generic medicines. Jordan was required under the terms of its WTO accession package and its free trade agreement (FTA) with the USA to introduce TRIPS-plus rules. Medicine prices have increased drastically, and TRIPS-plus rules were partly responsible for this increase. <br /> |
| | http://www.oxfam.org/en/policy/briefingpapers/bp102_jordan_us_fta | | http://www.oxfam.org/en/policy/briefingpapers/bp102_jordan_us_fta |
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| − | '''Rep Waxman letter to Novartis on Indian legal challenge''' <br />
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| − | [[Rep Waxman letter to Novartis on Indian legal challenge|Read the letter here]]
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| − | '''Open Letter to WHO/UNAIDS India re Margaret Chan's comments on Thai Compulsory License''' <br />
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| − | [[Open Letter re Margaret Chan's comments on Thai Compulsory License |Read the letter here]]
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| − | ''' WHO DG Chan Shocking Views Criticised by NGOs (Martin Khor, 5 Feb 07) ''' <br />
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| − | Read a [[Comment from PHM member on Chan's visit to Bangkok re Thai Compulsory License]]
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| − | ''' MSF Petition regarding Novartis ''' <br />
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| − | http://www.msf.org/petition_india/can_eng.html
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| | '''Patents versus Patients: Five years after the Doha Declaration''' <br /> | | '''Patents versus Patients: Five years after the Doha Declaration''' <br /> |
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| | http://www.oxfam.org.uk/what_we_do/issues/health/bp95_patents.htm | | http://www.oxfam.org.uk/what_we_do/issues/health/bp95_patents.htm |
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| − | '''Public Health at Risk: A US Free Trade Agreement could threaten access to medicines in Thailand''' <br />
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| − | April 2006, Oxfam Briefing paper: New stringent drug patent and marketing rules being negotiated in a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the US and Thailand would limit competition and reduce access to affordable medicines in Thailand. This would threaten the future of existing successful Thai HIV/AIDS treatment programmes, which rely on inexpensive generic drugs, and thus deprive thousands of people of effective treatment. Oxfam opposes an FTA with intellectual property rules that exceed the standards agreed at the World Trade Organization. <br />
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| − | http://www.oxfam.org.uk/what_we_do/issues/health/bp86_thailand.htm
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| − | ==== Journal articles ====
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| − | ''Please note, you will need access to the New England Journal of Medicine to read these articles. Most university libraries will provide access on site if you do not have online access.''
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| − | '''Thailand and the Compulsory Licensing of Efavirenz''''
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| − | Robert Steinbrook ''NEJM'' Volume 356:544-546
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| − | Of the many medicines for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, efavirenz, a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor that became available in the late 1990s, is one of the most important. For the initial treatment of adults, the combination of efavirenz and two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors "has become a standard-of-care comparator in clinical trials," according to Hammer et al.1 Moreover, efavirenz is available in a fixed-dose combination tablet with the nucleoside analogues emtricitabine and tenofovir; this tablet is taken only once a day. Efavirenz can cause birth defects when taken during the first trimester of pregnancy, so its use is restricted in . . . .
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| − | '''Taking TRIPS to India — Novartis, Patent Law, and Access to Medicines'''
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| − | Janice M. Mueller ''NEJM'' Volume 356:541-543
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| − | In August and September 2006, patients with cancer, lawyers for patient advocacy groups, and representatives of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) converged on the offices of Novartis in Mumbai, India, to protest the company's efforts to obtain an Indian patent on Gleevec, the company's brand-name version of imatinib mesylate. Gleevec (spelled Glivec outside the United States) is used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia, and Novartis has patented the drug in 35 countries. The protesters also decried the drug's high price: Novartis sells it in India (where only 5% of people have private health insurance) for $26,000 per year; generic-drug manufacturers offer the drug at less than one tenth that price....
| + | Return to [[Intellectual Property and Pharmaceuticals | IP Resources page]] |
| | + | </br> |
| | + | [[PHM_Oz_IP_Project|IP Project Page]] |
WTO documents give a good overview of compulsory licensing and the key dates and documents:
Fact Sheet Sept 2006
PDF file
Report of WHO Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health
Web link
Legal Framework for Compulsory License Drugs, Knowledge Ecology International, 16 March 2007 PDF file
